Recommended Reading

Anti-Obesity Medication

Pharmacotherapy of obesity: an update on the available medications and drugs under investigation.

Chakhtoura M, Haber R, Ghezzawi M, Rhayem C, Tcheroyan R, Mantzoros CS.

EClinicalMedicine. 2023 Mar 20; PMID: 36992862

Anti-obesity drug discovery: advances and challenges

Müller TD, Blüher M, Tschöp MH, DiMarchi RD.

Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2022 Mar; PMID: 34815532

Setmelanotide:

Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, in patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome and Alström syndrome: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial with an open-label period.

Haqq AM, Chung WK, Dollfus H, Haws RM, Martos-Moreno GÁ, Poitou C, Yanovski JA, Mittleman RS, Yuan G, Forsythe E, Clément K, Argente J.

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022 Dec; PMID: 36356613

Natural History of Obesity Due to POMC, PCSK1, and LEPR Deficiency and the Impact of Setmelanotide.

Wabitsch M, Farooqi IS, Flück CE, Bratina N, Mallya UG, Stewart M, Garrison J, van den Akker E, Kühnen P.

J Endocr Soc. 2022 Apr; PMID: 35528826

Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, an MC4R agonist, in individuals with severe obesity due to LEPR or POMC deficiency: single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trials.

Clément K, van den Akker E, Argente J, Bahm A, Chung WK, Connors H, De Waele K, Farooqi IS, Gonneau-Lejeune J, Gordon G, Kohlsdorf K, Poitou C, Puder L, Swain J, Stewart M, Yuan G, Wabitsch M, Kühnen P; Setmelanotide POMC and LEPR Phase 3 Trial Investigators.

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020 Dec; PMID: 33137293

Liraglutide:

Patients with Obesity Caused by Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mutations Can Be Treated with a Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist.

Lepsen EW, Zhang J, Thomsen HS, Hansen EL, Hollensted M, Madsbad S, Hansen T, Holst JJ, Holm JC, Torekov SS.

Cell Metab. 2018 Jul 3; PMID: 29861388

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management.

Pi-Sunyer X, M.D., Astrup A, Fujioka K, Greenway F, Halpern A, Krempf M, le Roux CW, Ortiz RV, Jensen CB, Wilding JPH, SCALE Obesity and Prediabetes NN8022-1839 Study Group.

N Engl J Med. 2015 Jul; PMID: 26132939

Semaglutide:

Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes.

Lincoff AM, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM, Deanfield J, Emerson SS, Esbjerg S, Hardt-Lindberg S, Kees Hovingh G, Kahn SE, Kushner RF, Lingvay I, Oral TK, Michelsen MM, Plutzky J, Tornøe CW, Ryan DH; SELECT Trial Investigators

N Engl J Med. 2023 Nov; PMID: 37952131

Oral semaglutide 50 mg taken once per day in adults with overweight or obesity (OASIS 1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Knop FK, Aroda VR, do Vale RD, Holst-Hansen T, Laursen PN, Rosenstock J, Rubino DM, Garvey WT; OASIS 1 Investigators

Lancet. 2023 Aug; PMID: 37385278

Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity.

Weghuber D, Barrett T, Barrientos-Pérez M, Gies I, Hesse D, Jeppesen OK, Kelly AS, Mastrandrea LD, Sørrig R, Arslanian S; STEP TEENS Investigators

N Engl J Med. 2022 Dec; PMID: 36322838

Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity.

Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, Davies M, Van Gaal LF, Lingvay I, McGowan BM, Rosenstock J, Tran MTD, Wadden TA, Wharton S, Yokote K, Zeuthen N, Kushner RF; STEP 1 Study Group.

N Engl J Med. 2021 Mar; PMID: 33567185

Semaglutide 2·4 mg once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Davies M, Færch L, Jeppesen OK, Pakseresht A, Pedersen SD, Perreault L, Rosenstock J, Shimomura I, Viljoen A, Wadden TA, Lingvay I; STEP 2 Study Group.

Lancet. 2021 Mar; PMID: 33667417

Effect of Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo as an Adjunct to Intensive Behavioral Therapy on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: The STEP 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Wadden TA, Bailey TS, Billings LK, Davies M, Frias JP, Koroleva A, Lingvay I, O'Neil PM, Rubino DM, Skovgaard D, Wallenstein SOR, Garvey WT; STEP 3 Investigators.

JAMA. 2021 Apr; PMID: 33625476

Effect of Continued Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo on Weight Loss Maintenance in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: The STEP 4 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Rubino D, Abrahamsson N, Davies M, Hesse D, Greenway FL, Jensen C, Lingvay I, Mosenzon O, Rosenstock J, Rubio MA, Rudofsky G, Tadayon S, Wadden TA, Dicker D; STEP 4 Investigators.

JAMA. 2021 Apr; PMID: 33755728

Effect of Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Daily Liraglutide on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes: The STEP 8 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Rubino DM, Greenway FL, Khalid U, O'Neil PM, Rosenstock J, Sørrig R, Wadden TA, Wizert A, Garvey WT; STEP 8 Investigators.

JAMA. 2022 Jan; PMID: 35015037

Tirzepatide:

Tirzepatide after intensive lifestyle intervention in adults with overweight or obesity: the SURMOUNT-3 phase 3 trial.

Wadden TA, Chao AM, Machineni S, Kushner R, Ard J, Srivastava G, Halpern B, Zhang S, Chen J, Bunck MC, Ahmad NN, Forrester T.

Nat Med. 2023 Oct; PMID: 37840095

Efficacy and safety of a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Rosenstock J, Wysham C, Frías JP, Kaneko S, Lee CJ, Fernández Landó L, Mao H, Cui X, Karanikas CA, Thieu VT.

Lancet. 2021 Jul; PMID: 34186022

Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity.

Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN, Wharton S, Connery L, Alves B, Kiyosue A, Zhang S, Liu B, Bunck MC, Stefanski A; SURMOUNT-1 Investigators

N Engl J Med. 2022 Jul; PMID: 5658024

Retatrutide:

Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial.

Jastreboff AM, Kaplan LM, Frías JP, Wu Q, Du Y, Gurbuz S, Coskun T, Haupt A, Milicevic Z, Hartman ML; Retatrutide Phase 2 Obesity Trial Investigators.

N Engl J Med. 2023 Aug; PMID: 37366315